The Interplay of Transport Development and Economic Planning in India: Lessons from the Last Five-Year Plan

Abstract

To construct a country’s economic path, Transport network and infrastructure is very important. It facilitates trade, enhances connectivity, and supports regional development. In a developing country like India, the interplay between mobility and markets has been deeply affected by five year economic plans. India’s economic planning has significantly contributed to development of transport sector and acted as both a driver and enabler of growth.

This paper critically examines the interplay between transport infrastructure and economic planning, depicting key lessons from the final plan by planning commission of India i.e. 12h Five-Year Plan. The study uses secondary data from government publications viz., NITI Aayog, Planning Documents. The paper explores the contribution of roads, railways, ports and civil aviation to national development goals and evaluates the transition from plan-based to policy driven frameworks post 12^th five year planning period. While advancement in physical infrastructure has been significant with initiatives like Bharatmala, Sagarmala and the Gati Shakti Master Plan, some systematic issues related to logistics costs, and multimodal integration still continues.

The paper concludes with the policy suggestions for effective implementation of transport strategies that will contribute to achieve India’s long-term economic and development objectives.